Check if cloud is built-in cloud when adding a model
[osm/N2VC.git] / n2vc / vnf.py
index 1c1208f..9441f4a 100644 (file)
@@ -1,4 +1,20 @@
+# Copyright 2019 Canonical Ltd.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+#     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+#     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+#     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+#     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+#     limitations under the License.
+
 import asyncio
+import base64
+import binascii
 import logging
 import os
 import os.path
@@ -8,18 +24,22 @@ import ssl
 import subprocess
 import sys
 # import time
+import n2vc.exceptions
+from n2vc.provisioner import SSHProvisioner
 
 # FIXME: this should load the juju inside or modules without having to
 # explicitly install it. Check why it's not working.
 # Load our subtree of the juju library
-path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..'))
-path = os.path.join(path, "modules/libjuju/")
-if path not in sys.path:
-    sys.path.insert(1, path)
+path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..'))
+path = os.path.join(path, "modules/libjuju/")
+if path not in sys.path:
+    sys.path.insert(1, path)
 
+from juju.client import client
 from juju.controller import Controller
 from juju.model import ModelObserver
-from juju.errors import JujuAPIError
+from juju.errors import JujuAPIError, JujuError
+
 
 # We might need this to connect to the websocket securely, but test and verify.
 try:
@@ -31,6 +51,7 @@ except AttributeError:
 
 
 # Custom exceptions
+# Deprecated. Please use n2vc.exceptions namespace.
 class JujuCharmNotFound(Exception):
     """The Charm can't be found or is not readable."""
 
@@ -43,6 +64,14 @@ class N2VCPrimitiveExecutionFailed(Exception):
     """Something failed while attempting to execute a primitive."""
 
 
+class NetworkServiceDoesNotExist(Exception):
+    """The Network Service being acted against does not exist."""
+
+
+class PrimitiveDoesNotExist(Exception):
+    """The Primitive being executed does not exist."""
+
+
 # Quiet the debug logging
 logging.getLogger('websockets.protocol').setLevel(logging.INFO)
 logging.getLogger('juju.client.connection').setLevel(logging.WARN)
@@ -53,13 +82,12 @@ logging.getLogger('juju.machine').setLevel(logging.WARN)
 class VCAMonitor(ModelObserver):
     """Monitor state changes within the Juju Model."""
     log = None
-    ns_name = None
-    applications = {}
 
     def __init__(self, ns_name):
         self.log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
         self.ns_name = ns_name
+        self.applications = {}
 
     def AddApplication(self, application_name, callback, *callback_args):
         if application_name not in self.applications:
@@ -144,22 +172,40 @@ class N2VC:
                  secret=None,
                  artifacts=None,
                  loop=None,
+                 juju_public_key=None,
+                 ca_cert=None,
+                 api_proxy=None
                  ):
         """Initialize N2VC
 
-        :param vcaconfig dict A dictionary containing the VCA configuration
+        Initializes the N2VC object, allowing the caller to interoperate with the VCA.
+
 
-        :param artifacts str The directory where charms required by a vnfd are
+        :param log obj: The logging object to log to
+        :param server str: The IP Address or Hostname of the Juju controller
+        :param port int: The port of the Juju Controller
+        :param user str: The Juju username to authenticate with
+        :param secret str: The Juju password to authenticate with
+        :param artifacts str: The directory where charms required by a vnfd are
             stored.
+        :param loop obj: The loop to use.
+        :param juju_public_key str: The contents of the Juju public SSH key
+        :param ca_cert str: The CA certificate to use to authenticate
+        :param api_proxy str: The IP of the host machine
 
         :Example:
-        n2vc = N2VC(vcaconfig={
-            'secret': 'MzI3MDJhOTYxYmM0YzRjNTJiYmY1Yzdm',
-            'user': 'admin',
-            'ip-address': '10.44.127.137',
-            'port': 17070,
-            'artifacts': '/path/to/charms'
-        })
+        client = n2vc.vnf.N2VC(
+            log=log,
+            server='10.1.1.28',
+            port=17070,
+            user='admin',
+            secret='admin',
+            artifacts='/app/storage/myvnf/charms',
+            loop=loop,
+            juju_public_key='<contents of the juju public key>',
+            ca_cert='<contents of CA certificate>',
+            api_proxy='192.168.1.155'
+        )
         """
 
         # Initialize instance-level variables
@@ -168,6 +214,12 @@ class N2VC:
         self.controller = None
         self.connecting = False
         self.authenticated = False
+        self.api_proxy = api_proxy
+
+        if log:
+            self.log = log
+        else:
+            self.log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
         # For debugging
         self.refcount = {
@@ -186,10 +238,38 @@ class N2VC:
         self.username = ""
         self.secret = ""
 
-        if log:
-            self.log = log
+        self.juju_public_key = juju_public_key
+        if juju_public_key:
+            self._create_juju_public_key(juju_public_key)
         else:
-            self.log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+            self.juju_public_key = ''
+
+        # TODO: Verify ca_cert is valid before using. VCA will crash
+        # if the ca_cert isn't formatted correctly.
+        def base64_to_cacert(b64string):
+            """Convert the base64-encoded string containing the VCA CACERT.
+
+            The input string....
+
+            """
+            try:
+                cacert = base64.b64decode(b64string).decode("utf-8")
+
+                cacert = re.sub(
+                    r'\\n',
+                    r'\n',
+                    cacert,
+                )
+            except binascii.Error as e:
+                self.log.debug("Caught binascii.Error: {}".format(e))
+                raise n2vc.exceptions.InvalidCACertificate("Invalid CA Certificate")
+
+            return cacert
+
+        self.ca_cert = None
+        if ca_cert:
+            self.ca_cert = base64_to_cacert(ca_cert)
+
 
         # Quiet websocket traffic
         logging.getLogger('websockets.protocol').setLevel(logging.INFO)
@@ -218,6 +298,31 @@ class N2VC:
         """Close any open connections."""
         yield self.logout()
 
+    def _create_juju_public_key(self, public_key):
+        """Recreate the Juju public key on disk.
+
+        Certain libjuju commands expect to be run from the same machine as Juju
+         is bootstrapped to. This method will write the public key to disk in
+         that location: ~/.local/share/juju/ssh/juju_id_rsa.pub
+        """
+        # Make sure that we have a public key before writing to disk
+        if public_key is None or len(public_key) == 0:
+            if 'OSM_VCA_PUBKEY' in os.environ:
+                public_key = os.getenv('OSM_VCA_PUBKEY', '')
+                if len(public_key == 0):
+                    return
+            else:
+                return
+
+        path = "{}/.local/share/juju/ssh".format(
+            os.path.expanduser('~'),
+        )
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            os.makedirs(path)
+
+            with open('{}/juju_id_rsa.pub'.format(path), 'w') as f:
+                f.write(public_key)
+
     def notify_callback(self, model_name, application_name, status, message,
                         callback=None, *callback_args):
         try:
@@ -241,9 +346,10 @@ class N2VC:
 
         vdu:
             ...
-            relation:
-            -   provides: dataVM:db
-                requires: mgmtVM:app
+            vca-relationships:
+                relation:
+                -   provides: dataVM:db
+                    requires: mgmtVM:app
 
         This tells N2VC that the charm referred to by the dataVM vdu offers a relation named 'db', and the mgmtVM vdu has an 'app' endpoint that should be connected to a database.
 
@@ -293,8 +399,9 @@ class N2VC:
         # Loop through relations
         for cfg in configs:
             if 'juju' in cfg:
-                if 'relation' in juju:
-                    for rel in juju['relation']:
+                juju = cfg['juju']
+                if 'vca-relationships' in juju and 'relation' in juju['vca-relationships']:
+                    for rel in juju['vca-relationships']['relation']:
                         try:
 
                             # get the application name for the provides
@@ -345,6 +452,8 @@ class N2VC:
             'rw_mgmt_ip': '1.2.3.4',
             # Pass the initial-config-primitives section of the vnf or vdu
             'initial-config-primitives': {...}
+            'user_values': dictionary with the day-1 parameters provided at instantiation time. It will replace values
+                inside < >. rw_mgmt_ip will be included here also
           }
         :param dict machine_spec: A dictionary describing the machine to
         install to
@@ -366,6 +475,7 @@ class N2VC:
             self.notify_callback(
                 model_name,
                 application_name,
+                "error",
                 "failed",
                 callback,
                 *callback_args,
@@ -395,25 +505,10 @@ class N2VC:
         # Register this application with the model-level event monitor #
         ################################################################
         if callback:
-            self.monitors[model_name].AddApplication(
+            self.log.debug("JujuApi: Registering callback for {}".format(
                 application_name,
-                callback,
-                *callback_args
-            )
-
-        ########################################################
-        # Check for specific machine placement (native charms) #
-        ########################################################
-        to = ""
-        if machine_spec.keys():
-            if all(k in machine_spec for k in ['host', 'user']):
-                # Enlist an existing machine as a Juju unit
-                machine = await model.add_machine(spec='ssh:{}@{}:{}'.format(
-                    machine_spec['user'],
-                    machine_spec['host'],
-                    self.GetPrivateKeyPath(),
-                ))
-                to = machine.id
+            ))
+            await self.Subscribe(model_name, application_name, callback, *callback_args)
 
         #######################################
         # Get the initial charm configuration #
@@ -431,11 +526,73 @@ class N2VC:
             {'<rw_mgmt_ip>': rw_mgmt_ip}
         )
 
-        self.log.debug("JujuApi: Deploying charm ({}/{}) from {}".format(
+        ########################################################
+        # Check for specific machine placement (native charms) #
+        ########################################################
+        to = ""
+        series = "xenial"
+
+        if machine_spec.keys():
+            if all(k in machine_spec for k in ['hostname', 'username']):
+
+                # Allow series to be derived from the native charm
+                series = None
+
+                self.log.debug("Provisioning manual machine {}@{}".format(
+                    machine_spec['username'],
+                    machine_spec['hostname'],
+                ))
+
+                """Native Charm support
+
+                Taking a bare VM (assumed to be an Ubuntu cloud image),
+                the provisioning process will:
+                - Create an ubuntu user w/sudo access
+                - Detect hardware
+                - Detect architecture
+                - Download and install Juju agent from controller
+                - Enable Juju agent
+                - Add an iptables rule to route traffic to the API proxy
+                """
+
+                to = await self.provision_machine(
+                    model_name=model_name,
+                    username=machine_spec['username'],
+                    hostname=machine_spec['hostname'],
+                    private_key_path=self.GetPrivateKeyPath(),
+                )
+                self.log.debug("Provisioned machine id {}".format(to))
+
+                # TODO: If to is none, raise an exception
+
+                # The native charm won't have the sshproxy layer, typically, but LCM uses the config primitive
+                # to interpret what the values are. That's a gap to fill.
+
+                """
+                The ssh-* config parameters are unique to the sshproxy layer,
+                which most native charms will not be aware of.
+
+                Setting invalid config parameters will cause the deployment to
+                fail.
+
+                For the moment, we will strip the ssh-* parameters from native
+                charms, until the feature gap is addressed in the information
+                model.
+                """
+
+                # Native charms don't include the ssh-* config values, so strip them
+                # from the initial_config, otherwise the deploy will raise an error.
+                # self.log.debug("Removing ssh-* from initial-config")
+                for k in ['ssh-hostname', 'ssh-username', 'ssh-password']:
+                    if k in initial_config:
+                        self.log.debug("Removing parameter {}".format(k))
+                        del initial_config[k]
+
+        self.log.debug("JujuApi: Deploying charm ({}/{}) from {} to {}".format(
             model_name,
             application_name,
             charm_path,
-            to=to,
+            to,
         ))
 
         ########################################################
@@ -449,16 +606,26 @@ class N2VC:
             application_name=application_name,
             # Proxy charms should use the current LTS. This will need to be
             # changed for native charms.
-            series='xenial',
+            series=series,
             # Apply the initial 'config' primitive during deployment
             config=initial_config,
             # Where to deploy the charm to.
             to=to,
         )
 
-        # Map the vdu id<->app name,
-        #
-        await self.Relate(model_name, vnfd)
+        #############################
+        # Map the vdu id<->app name #
+        #############################
+        try:
+            await self.Relate(model_name, vnfd)
+        except KeyError as ex:
+            # We don't currently support relations between NS and VNF/VDU charms
+            self.log.warn("[N2VC] Relations not supported: {}".format(ex))
+        except Exception as ex:
+            # This may happen if not all of the charms needed by the relation
+            # are ready. We can safely ignore this, because Relate will be
+            # retried when the endpoint of the relation is deployed.
+            self.log.warn("[N2VC] Relations not ready")
 
         # #######################################
         # # Execute initial config primitive(s) #
@@ -647,29 +814,43 @@ class N2VC:
                 else:
                     seq = primitive['seq']
 
-                    params = {}
+                    params_ = {}
                     if 'parameter' in primitive:
-                        params = primitive['parameter']
+                        params_ = primitive['parameter']
+
+                    user_values = params.get("user_values", {})
+                    if 'rw_mgmt_ip' not in user_values:
+                        user_values['rw_mgmt_ip'] = None
+                        # just for backward compatibility, because it will be provided always by modern version of LCM
 
                     primitives[seq] = {
                         'name': primitive['name'],
                         'parameters': self._map_primitive_parameters(
-                            params,
-                            {'<rw_mgmt_ip>': None}
+                            params_,
+                            user_values
                         ),
                     }
 
                     for primitive in sorted(primitives):
-                        uuids.append(
-                            await self.ExecutePrimitive(
-                                model_name,
-                                application_name,
-                                primitives[primitive]['name'],
-                                callback,
-                                callback_args,
-                                **primitives[primitive]['parameters'],
+                        try:
+                            # self.log.debug("Queuing action {}".format(primitives[primitive]['name']))
+                            uuids.append(
+                                await self.ExecutePrimitive(
+                                    model_name,
+                                    application_name,
+                                    primitives[primitive]['name'],
+                                    callback,
+                                    callback_args,
+                                    **primitives[primitive]['parameters'],
+                                )
                             )
-                        )
+                        except PrimitiveDoesNotExist as e:
+                            self.log.debug("Ignoring exception PrimitiveDoesNotExist: {}".format(e))
+                            pass
+                        except Exception as e:
+                            self.log.debug("XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Unexpected exception: {}".format(e))
+                            raise e
+
             except N2VCPrimitiveExecutionFailed as e:
                 self.log.debug(
                     "[N2VC] Exception executing primitive: {}".format(e)
@@ -698,7 +879,7 @@ class N2VC:
             'initial-config-primitives': {...}
           }
         """
-        self.log.debug("Executing {}".format(primitive))
+        self.log.debug("Executing primitive={} params={}".format(primitive, params))
         uuid = None
         try:
             if not self.authenticated:
@@ -716,12 +897,22 @@ class N2VC:
             else:
                 app = await self.get_application(model, application_name)
                 if app:
+                    # Does this primitive exist?
+                    actions = await app.get_actions()
+
+                    if primitive not in actions.keys():
+                        raise PrimitiveDoesNotExist("Primitive {} does not exist".format(primitive))
+
                     # Run against the first (and probably only) unit in the app
                     unit = app.units[0]
                     if unit:
                         action = await unit.run_action(primitive, **params)
                         uuid = action.id
+        except PrimitiveDoesNotExist as e:
+            # Catch and raise this exception if it's thrown from the inner block
+            raise e
         except Exception as e:
+            # An unexpected exception was caught
             self.log.debug(
                 "Caught exception while executing primitive: {}".format(e)
             )
@@ -748,7 +939,7 @@ class N2VC:
             app = await self.get_application(model, application_name)
             if app:
                 # Remove this application from event monitoring
-                self.monitors[model_name].RemoveApplication(application_name)
+                await self.Unsubscribe(model_name, application_name)
 
                 # self.notify_callback(model_name, application_name, "removing", callback, *callback_args)
                 self.log.debug(
@@ -756,13 +947,13 @@ class N2VC:
                 )
                 await app.remove()
 
-                await self.disconnect_model(self.monitors[model_name])
+                await self.disconnect_model(self.monitors[model_name])
 
-                # Notify the callback that this charm has been removed.
                 self.notify_callback(
                     model_name,
                     application_name,
                     "removed",
+                    "Removing charm {}".format(application_name),
                     callback,
                     *callback_args,
                 )
@@ -772,8 +963,96 @@ class N2VC:
             self.log.debug(e)
             raise e
 
-    async def DestroyNetworkService(self, nsd):
-        raise NotImplementedError()
+    async def CreateNetworkService(self, ns_uuid):
+        """Create a new Juju model for the Network Service.
+
+        Creates a new Model in the Juju Controller.
+
+        :param str ns_uuid: A unique id representing an instaance of a
+            Network Service.
+
+        :returns: True if the model was created. Raises JujuError on failure.
+        """
+        if not self.authenticated:
+            await self.login()
+
+        models = await self.controller.list_models()
+        if ns_uuid not in models:
+            # Get the new model
+            await self.get_model(ns_uuid)
+
+        return True
+
+    async def DestroyNetworkService(self, ns_uuid):
+        """Destroy a Network Service.
+
+        Destroy the Network Service and any deployed charms.
+
+        :param ns_uuid The unique id of the Network Service
+
+        :returns: True if the model was created. Raises JujuError on failure.
+        """
+
+        # Do not delete the default model. The default model was used by all
+        # Network Services, prior to the implementation of a model per NS.
+        if ns_uuid.lower() == "default":
+            return False
+
+        if not self.authenticated:
+            await self.login()
+
+        models = await self.controller.list_models()
+        if ns_uuid in models:
+            model = await self.controller.get_model(ns_uuid)
+
+            for application in model.applications:
+                app = model.applications[application]
+
+                await self.RemoveCharms(ns_uuid, application)
+
+                self.log.debug("Unsubscribing Watcher for {}".format(application))
+                await self.Unsubscribe(ns_uuid, application)
+
+                self.log.debug("Waiting for application to terminate")
+                timeout = 30
+                try:
+                    await model.block_until(
+                        lambda: all(
+                            unit.workload_status in ['terminated'] for unit in app.units
+                        ),
+                        timeout=timeout
+                    )
+                except Exception as e:
+                    self.log.debug("Timed out waiting for {} to terminate.".format(application))
+
+            for machine in model.machines:
+                try:
+                    self.log.debug("Destroying machine {}".format(machine))
+                    await model.machines[machine].destroy(force=True)
+                except JujuAPIError as e:
+                    if 'does not exist' in str(e):
+                        # Our cached model may be stale, because the machine
+                        # has already been removed. It's safe to continue.
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        self.log.debug("Caught exception: {}".format(e))
+                        raise e
+
+        # Disconnect from the Model
+        if ns_uuid in self.models:
+            self.log.debug("Disconnecting model {}".format(ns_uuid))
+            # await self.disconnect_model(self.models[ns_uuid])
+            await self.disconnect_model(ns_uuid)
+
+        try:
+            self.log.debug("Destroying model {}".format(ns_uuid))
+            await self.controller.destroy_models(ns_uuid)
+        except JujuError:
+            raise NetworkServiceDoesNotExist(
+                "The Network Service '{}' does not exist".format(ns_uuid)
+            )
+
+        return True
 
     async def GetMetrics(self, model_name, application_name):
         """Get the metrics collected by the VCA.
@@ -796,6 +1075,33 @@ class N2VC:
             return True
         return False
 
+    async def Subscribe(self, ns_name, application_name, callback, *callback_args):
+        """Subscribe to callbacks for an application.
+
+        :param ns_name str: The name of the Network Service
+        :param application_name str: The name of the application
+        :param callback obj: The callback method
+        :param callback_args list: The list of arguments to append to calls to
+            the callback method
+        """
+        self.monitors[ns_name].AddApplication(
+            application_name,
+            callback,
+            *callback_args
+        )
+
+    async def Unsubscribe(self, ns_name, application_name):
+        """Unsubscribe to callbacks for an application.
+
+        Unsubscribes the caller from notifications from a deployed application.
+
+        :param ns_name str: The name of the Network Service
+        :param application_name str: The name of the application
+        """
+        self.monitors[ns_name].RemoveApplication(
+            application_name,
+        )
+
     # Non-public methods
     async def add_relation(self, model_name, relation1, relation2):
         """
@@ -852,34 +1158,45 @@ class N2VC:
 
         return config
 
-    def _map_primitive_parameters(self, parameters, values):
+    def _map_primitive_parameters(self, parameters, user_values):
         params = {}
         for parameter in parameters:
             param = str(parameter['name'])
-            value = None
+            value = parameter.get('value')
+
+            # map parameters inside a < >; e.g. <rw_mgmt_ip>. with the provided user_values.
+            # Must exist at user_values except if there is a default value
+            if isinstance(value, str) and value.startswith("<") and value.endswith(">"):
+                if parameter['value'][1:-1] in user_values:
+                    value = user_values[parameter['value'][1:-1]]
+                elif 'default-value' in parameter:
+                    value = parameter['default-value']
+                else:
+                    raise KeyError("parameter {}='{}' not supplied ".format(param, value))
 
             # If there's no value, use the default-value (if set)
-            if parameter['value'] is None and 'default-value' in parameter:
+            if value is None and 'default-value' in parameter:
                 value = parameter['default-value']
 
             # Typecast parameter value, if present
-            if 'data-type' in parameter:
-                paramtype = str(parameter['data-type']).lower()
+            paramtype = "string"
+            try:
+                if 'data-type' in parameter:
+                    paramtype = str(parameter['data-type']).lower()
 
-                if paramtype == "integer":
-                    value = int(parameter['value'])
-                elif paramtype == "boolean":
-                    value = bool(parameter['value'])
+                    if paramtype == "integer":
+                        value = int(value)
+                    elif paramtype == "boolean":
+                        value = bool(value)
+                    else:
+                        value = str(value)
                 else:
-                    value = str(parameter['value'])
-            else:
-                # If there's no data-type, assume the value is a string
-                value = str(parameter['value'])
+                    # If there's no data-type, assume the value is a string
+                    value = str(value)
+            except ValueError:
+                raise ValueError("parameter {}='{}' cannot be converted to type {}".format(param, value, paramtype))
 
-            if parameter['value'] == "<rw_mgmt_ip>":
-                params[param] = str(values[parameter['value']])
-            else:
-                params[param] = value
+            params[param] = value
         return params
 
     def _get_config_from_yang(self, config_primitive, values):
@@ -918,7 +1235,7 @@ class N2VC:
             elif not c.isalpha():
                 c = "-"
             appname += c
-        return re.sub('\-+', '-', appname.lower())
+        return re.sub('-+', '-', appname.lower())
 
     # def format_application_name(self, nsd_name, vnfr_name, member_vnf_index=0):
     #     """Format the name of the application
@@ -971,9 +1288,15 @@ class N2VC:
             models = await self.controller.list_models()
 
             if model_name not in models:
-                self.models[model_name] = await self.controller.add_model(
-                    model_name
-                )
+                try:
+                    self.models[model_name] = await self.controller.add_model(
+                        model_name,
+                        config={'authorized-keys': self.juju_public_key}
+
+                    )
+                except JujuError as e:
+                    if "already exists" not in e.message:
+                        raise e
             else:
                 self.models[model_name] = await self.controller.get_model(
                     model_name
@@ -982,10 +1305,20 @@ class N2VC:
             self.refcount['model'] += 1
 
             # Create an observer for this model
+            await self.create_model_monitor(model_name)
+
+        return self.models[model_name]
+
+    async def create_model_monitor(self, model_name):
+        """Create a monitor for the model, if none exists."""
+        if not self.authenticated:
+            await self.login()
+
+        if model_name not in self.monitors:
             self.monitors[model_name] = VCAMonitor(model_name)
             self.models[model_name].add_observer(self.monitors[model_name])
 
-        return self.models[model_name]
+        return True
 
     async def login(self):
         """Login to the Juju controller."""
@@ -997,25 +1330,28 @@ class N2VC:
 
         self.log.debug("JujuApi: Logging into controller")
 
-        cacert = None
         self.controller = Controller(loop=self.loop)
 
         if self.secret:
             self.log.debug(
-                "Connecting to controller... ws://{}:{} as {}/{}".format(
+                "Connecting to controller... ws://{} as {}/{}".format(
                     self.endpoint,
-                    self.port,
                     self.user,
                     self.secret,
                 )
             )
-            await self.controller.connect(
-                endpoint=self.endpoint,
-                username=self.user,
-                password=self.secret,
-                cacert=cacert,
-            )
-            self.refcount['controller'] += 1
+            try:
+                await self.controller.connect(
+                    endpoint=self.endpoint,
+                    username=self.user,
+                    password=self.secret,
+                    cacert=self.ca_cert,
+                )
+                self.refcount['controller'] += 1
+                self.authenticated = True
+                self.log.debug("JujuApi: Logged into controller")
+            except Exception as ex:
+                self.log.debug("Caught exception: {}".format(ex))
         else:
             # current_controller no longer exists
             # self.log.debug("Connecting to current controller...")
@@ -1026,14 +1362,13 @@ class N2VC:
             #     cacert=cacert,
             # )
             self.log.fatal("VCA credentials not configured.")
+            self.authenticated = False
 
-        self.authenticated = True
-        self.log.debug("JujuApi: Logged into controller")
 
     async def logout(self):
         """Logout of the Juju controller."""
         if not self.authenticated:
-            return
+            return False
 
         try:
             for model in self.models:
@@ -1056,19 +1391,86 @@ class N2VC:
                 "Fatal error logging out of Juju Controller: {}".format(e)
             )
             raise e
+        return True
 
     async def disconnect_model(self, model):
         self.log.debug("Disconnecting model {}".format(model))
         if model in self.models:
-            print(self.models[model].applications)
-            if len(self.models[model].applications) == 0:
-                print("Destroying empty model")
-                await self.controller.destroy_models(model)
-
-            print("Disconnecting model")
-            await self.models[model].disconnect()
-            self.refcount['model'] -= 1
-            self.models[model] = None
+            try:
+                await self.models[model].disconnect()
+                self.refcount['model'] -= 1
+                self.models[model] = None
+            except Exception as e:
+                self.log.debug("Caught exception: {}".format(e))
+
+    async def provision_machine(self, model_name: str,
+                                hostname: str, username: str,
+                                private_key_path: str) -> int:
+        """Provision a machine.
+
+        This executes the SSH provisioner, which will log in to a machine via
+        SSH and prepare it for use with the Juju model
+
+        :param model_name str: The name of the model
+        :param hostname str: The IP or hostname of the target VM
+        :param user str: The username to login to
+        :param private_key_path str: The path to the private key that's been injected to the VM via cloud-init
+        :return machine_id int: Returns the id of the machine or None if provisioning fails
+        """
+        if not self.authenticated:
+            await self.login()
+
+        machine_id = None
+
+        if self.api_proxy:
+            self.log.debug("Instantiating SSH Provisioner for {}@{} ({})".format(
+                username,
+                hostname,
+                private_key_path
+            ))
+            provisioner = SSHProvisioner(
+                host=hostname,
+                user=username,
+                private_key_path=private_key_path,
+                log=self.log,
+            )
+
+            params = None
+            try:
+                params = provisioner.provision_machine()
+            except Exception as ex:
+                self.log.debug("caught exception from provision_machine: {}".format(ex))
+                return None
+
+            if params:
+                params.jobs = ['JobHostUnits']
+
+                model = await self.get_model(model_name)
+
+                connection = model.connection()
+
+                # Submit the request.
+                self.log.debug("Adding machine to model")
+                client_facade = client.ClientFacade.from_connection(connection)
+                results = await client_facade.AddMachines(params=[params])
+                error = results.machines[0].error
+                if error:
+                    raise ValueError("Error adding machine: %s" % error.message)
+
+                machine_id = results.machines[0].machine
+
+                # Need to run this after AddMachines has been called,
+                # as we need the machine_id
+                self.log.debug("Installing Juju agent")
+                await provisioner.install_agent(
+                    connection,
+                    params.nonce,
+                    machine_id,
+                    self.api_proxy,
+                )
+        else:
+            self.log.debug("Missing API Proxy")
+        return machine_id
 
     # async def remove_application(self, name):
     #     """Remove the application."""