Implement feature 5949

Enable dynamic connectivity setup in multi-site Network Services

The code required to implement the feature is contained in `osm_ro/wim`
as much as possible.

* `wim/engine.py` works together with `nfvo.py` to implement the
  feature
* `wim/persistence.py` is equivalent to `nfvo_db.py` and try to
  encapsulate most of the SQL-specific code, implementing a persistence
  layer
* `wim/http_handler.py` extends `httpserver.py` adding WIM-related HTTP
  routes
* `wim/wim_thread.py` is similar to `vim_thread.py` and controls the
  execution of WIM-related tasks
* `wim/actions.py` and `wim/wan_link_actions.py` implement the action
  handling specific code, calling instances of the `wim/wimconn.py`
  subclasses

WIM connectors are still a work in progress

Individual change details (newer to older)

- Add errors for inconsistent state

- Delay re-scheduled tasks

- Move lock to inside the persistence object

- Better errors for connector failures

- Try to cache the wan_link information before it is deleted from the database

- Integrate WanLinkDelete to NFVO

- Add WanLinkDelete implementation draft with some tests

- Add basic wim network creation

- Add minimal documentation for actions

- Add checks to the create action

- Improve documentation, rearrange insert_pending and remove unused functions on WimThread

- Integrate Action classes in refresh_tasks

- Add Action classes to avoid intricate conditions

- Adding Proposed License

- Move grouping of actions to persistence

- Change WimThread to use SQL to do the heavy lifting

- Simplify WimThread reload_actions

- Add tests for derive_wan_links

- Implement find_common_wim(s)

- Add tests for create_wim_account

- Add migration scripts for version 33

- Changes to WIM and VIM threads for vim_wim_actions

- Implement wim_account management according to the discussion

- Add WimHandler integration inside httpserver

- Add quick instructions to run the tests

- Add WIM functional tests using real database

- Add DB WIM port mapping

- RO WIM-related console scripts

- Add WIM integration to NFVO

- Improve database support focusing on tests

- RO NBI WIM-related commands in HTTP server

- Adding WIM tables to MANO DB

- Add wim http handler initial implementation

- Move http utility functions to separated files

    This separation allows the code to be reused more easily and avoids
    circular dependencies.

    (The httpserver can import other modules implementing http routes,
    and those modules can then use the utility functions without having
    to import back httpserver)

- Add a HTTP handler class and custom route decorator

    These tools can be used to create independent groups of bottle
    routes/callbacks in a OOP fashion

- Extract http error codes and related logic to separated file

Change-Id: Icd5fc9fa345852b8cf571e48f427dc10bdbd24c5
Signed-off-by: Anderson Bravalheri <a.bravalheri@bristol.ac.uk>
diff --git a/osm_ro/db_base.py b/osm_ro/db_base.py
index 3b12f74..2bfa4cd 100644
--- a/osm_ro/db_base.py
+++ b/osm_ro/db_base.py
@@ -37,14 +37,7 @@
 import datetime
 from jsonschema import validate as js_v, exceptions as js_e
 
-HTTP_Bad_Request = 400
-HTTP_Unauthorized = 401 
-HTTP_Not_Found = 404 
-HTTP_Method_Not_Allowed = 405 
-HTTP_Request_Timeout = 408
-HTTP_Conflict = 409
-HTTP_Service_Unavailable = 503 
-HTTP_Internal_Server_Error = 500 
+from .http_tools import errors as httperrors
 
 def _check_valid_uuid(uuid):
     id_schema = {"type" : "string", "pattern": "^[a-fA-F0-9]{8}(-[a-fA-F0-9]{4}){3}-[a-fA-F0-9]{12}$"}
@@ -68,7 +61,7 @@
         for k,v in var.items():
             if type(v) is datetime.datetime:
                 var[k]= v.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')
-            elif type(v) is dict or type(v) is list or type(v) is tuple: 
+            elif type(v) is dict or type(v) is list or type(v) is tuple:
                 _convert_datetime2str(v)
         if len(var) == 0: return True
     elif type(var) is list or type(var) is tuple:
@@ -76,7 +69,7 @@
             _convert_datetime2str(v)
 
 def _convert_bandwidth(data, reverse=False, logger=None):
-    '''Check the field bandwidth recursivelly and when found, it removes units and convert to number 
+    '''Check the field bandwidth recursivelly and when found, it removes units and convert to number
     It assumes that bandwidth is well formed
     Attributes:
         'data': dictionary bottle.FormsDict variable to be checked. None or empty is consideted valid
@@ -111,7 +104,7 @@
                 _convert_bandwidth(k, reverse, logger)
 
 def _convert_str2boolean(data, items):
-    '''Check recursively the content of data, and if there is an key contained in items, convert value from string to boolean 
+    '''Check recursively the content of data, and if there is an key contained in items, convert value from string to boolean
     Done recursively
     Attributes:
         'data': dictionary variable to be checked. None or empty is considered valid
@@ -135,16 +128,15 @@
             if type(k) is dict or type(k) is tuple or type(k) is list:
                 _convert_str2boolean(k, items)
 
-class db_base_Exception(Exception):
+class db_base_Exception(httperrors.HttpMappedError):
     '''Common Exception for all database exceptions'''
-    
-    def __init__(self, message, http_code=HTTP_Bad_Request):
-        Exception.__init__(self, message)
-        self.http_code = http_code
+
+    def __init__(self, message, http_code=httperrors.Bad_Request):
+        super(db_base_Exception, self).__init__(message, http_code)
 
 class db_base():
     tables_with_created_field=()
-    
+
     def __init__(self, host=None, user=None, passwd=None, database=None, log_name='db', log_level=None):
         self.host = host
         self.user = user
@@ -155,9 +147,9 @@
         self.logger = logging.getLogger(log_name)
         if self.log_level:
             self.logger.setLevel( getattr(logging, log_level) )
-        
+
     def connect(self, host=None, user=None, passwd=None, database=None):
-        '''Connect to specific data base. 
+        '''Connect to specific data base.
         The first time a valid host, user, passwd and database must be provided,
         Following calls can skip this parameters
         '''
@@ -172,8 +164,16 @@
         except mdb.Error as e:
             raise db_base_Exception("Cannot connect to DataBase '{}' at '{}@{}' Error {}: {}".format(
                                     self.database, self.user, self.host, e.args[0], e.args[1]),
-                                    http_code = HTTP_Unauthorized )
-        
+                                    http_code = httperrors.Unauthorized )
+
+    def escape(self, value):
+        return self.con.escape(value)
+
+
+    def escape_string(self, value):
+        return self.con.escape_string(value)
+
+
     def get_db_version(self):
         ''' Obtain the database schema version.
         Return: (negative, text) if error or version 0.0 where schema_version table is missing
@@ -212,10 +212,10 @@
             if e[0][-5:] == "'con'":
                 self.logger.warn("while disconnecting from DB: Error %d: %s",e.args[0], e.args[1])
                 return
-            else: 
+            else:
                 raise
 
-    def _format_error(self, e, tries=1, command=None, extra=None): 
+    def _format_error(self, e, tries=1, command=None, extra=None, table=None):
         '''Creates a text error base on the produced exception
             Params:
                 e: mdb exception
@@ -227,7 +227,8 @@
                 HTTP error in negative, formatted error text
         '''
         if isinstance(e,AttributeError ):
-            raise db_base_Exception("DB Exception " + str(e), HTTP_Internal_Server_Error)
+            self.logger.debug(str(e), exc_info=True)
+            raise db_base_Exception("DB Exception " + str(e), httperrors.Internal_Server_Error)
         if e.args[0]==2006 or e.args[0]==2013 : #MySQL server has gone away (((or)))    Exception 2013: Lost connection to MySQL server during query
             if tries>1:
                 self.logger.warn("DB Exception '%s'. Retry", str(e))
@@ -235,32 +236,45 @@
                 self.connect()
                 return
             else:
-                raise db_base_Exception("Database connection timeout Try Again", HTTP_Request_Timeout)
-        
+                raise db_base_Exception("Database connection timeout Try Again", httperrors.Request_Timeout)
+
         fk=e.args[1].find("foreign key constraint fails")
         if fk>=0:
             if command=="update":
-                raise db_base_Exception("tenant_id '{}' not found.".format(extra), HTTP_Not_Found)
+                raise db_base_Exception("tenant_id '{}' not found.".format(extra), httperrors.Not_Found)
             elif command=="delete":
-                raise db_base_Exception("Resource is not free. There are {} that prevent deleting it.".format(extra), HTTP_Conflict)
+                raise db_base_Exception("Resource is not free. There are {} that prevent deleting it.".format(extra), httperrors.Conflict)
         de = e.args[1].find("Duplicate entry")
         fk = e.args[1].find("for key")
         uk = e.args[1].find("Unknown column")
         wc = e.args[1].find("in 'where clause'")
         fl = e.args[1].find("in 'field list'")
         #print de, fk, uk, wc,fl
+        table_info = ' (table `{}`)'.format(table) if table else ''
         if de>=0:
             if fk>=0: #error 1062
-                raise db_base_Exception("Value {} already in use for {}".format(e.args[1][de+15:fk], e.args[1][fk+7:]), HTTP_Conflict)
+                raise db_base_Exception(
+                    "Value {} already in use for {}{}".format(
+                        e.args[1][de+15:fk], e.args[1][fk+7:], table_info),
+                    httperrors.Conflict)
         if uk>=0:
             if wc>=0:
-                raise db_base_Exception("Field {} can not be used for filtering".format(e.args[1][uk+14:wc]), HTTP_Bad_Request)
+                raise db_base_Exception(
+                    "Field {} can not be used for filtering{}".format(
+                        e.args[1][uk+14:wc], table_info),
+                    httperrors.Bad_Request)
             if fl>=0:
-                raise db_base_Exception("Field {} does not exist".format(e.args[1][uk+14:wc]), HTTP_Bad_Request)
-        raise db_base_Exception("Database internal Error {}: {}".format(e.args[0], e.args[1]), HTTP_Internal_Server_Error)
-    
+                raise db_base_Exception(
+                    "Field {} does not exist{}".format(
+                        e.args[1][uk+14:wc], table_info),
+                    httperrors.Bad_Request)
+        raise db_base_Exception(
+                "Database internal Error{} {}: {}".format(
+                    table_info, e.args[0], e.args[1]),
+                httperrors.Internal_Server_Error)
+
     def __str2db_format(self, data):
-        '''Convert string data to database format. 
+        '''Convert string data to database format.
         If data is None it returns the 'Null' text,
         otherwise it returns the text surrounded by quotes ensuring internal quotes are escaped.
         '''
@@ -270,10 +284,10 @@
             return json.dumps(data)
         else:
             return json.dumps(str(data))
-    
+
     def __tuple2db_format_set(self, data):
         """Compose the needed text for a SQL SET, parameter 'data' is a pair tuple (A,B),
-        and it returns the text 'A="B"', where A is a field of a table and B is the value 
+        and it returns the text 'A="B"', where A is a field of a table and B is the value
         If B is None it returns the 'A=Null' text, without surrounding Null by quotes
         If B is not None it returns the text "A='B'" or 'A="B"' where B is surrounded by quotes,
         and it ensures internal quotes of B are escaped.
@@ -287,10 +301,10 @@
         elif isinstance(data[1], dict):
             if "INCREMENT" in data[1]:
                 return "{A}={A}{N:+d}".format(A=data[0], N=data[1]["INCREMENT"])
-            raise db_base_Exception("Format error for UPDATE field")
+            raise db_base_Exception("Format error for UPDATE field: {!r}".format(data[0]))
         else:
             return str(data[0]) + '=' + json.dumps(str(data[1]))
-    
+
     def __create_where(self, data, use_or=None):
         """
         Compose the needed text for a SQL WHERE, parameter 'data' can be a dict or a list of dict. By default lists are
@@ -347,9 +361,9 @@
         '''remove single quotes ' of any string content of data dictionary'''
         for k,v in data.items():
             if type(v) == str:
-                if "'" in v: 
+                if "'" in v:
                     data[k] = data[k].replace("'","_")
-    
+
     def _update_rows(self, table, UPDATE, WHERE, modified_time=0):
         """ Update one or several rows of a table.
         :param UPDATE: dictionary with the changes. dict keys are database columns that will be set with the dict values
@@ -369,7 +383,7 @@
             values += ",modified_at={:f}".format(modified_time)
         cmd= "UPDATE " + table + " SET " + values + " WHERE " + self.__create_where(WHERE)
         self.logger.debug(cmd)
-        self.cur.execute(cmd) 
+        self.cur.execute(cmd)
         return self.cur.rowcount
 
     def _new_uuid(self, root_uuid=None, used_table=None, created_time=0):
@@ -398,7 +412,7 @@
 
     def _new_row_internal(self, table, INSERT, add_uuid=False, root_uuid=None, created_time=0, confidential_data=False):
         ''' Add one row into a table. It DOES NOT begin or end the transaction, so self.con.cursor must be created
-        Attribute 
+        Attribute
             INSERT: dictionary with the key:value to insert
             table: table where to insert
             add_uuid: if True, it will create an uuid key entry at INSERT if not provided
@@ -411,7 +425,7 @@
             #create uuid if not provided
             if 'uuid' not in INSERT:
                 uuid = INSERT['uuid'] = str(myUuid.uuid1()) # create_uuid
-            else: 
+            else:
                 uuid = str(INSERT['uuid'])
         else:
             uuid=None
@@ -429,7 +443,7 @@
             self.cur.execute(cmd)
         #insertion
         cmd= "INSERT INTO " + table +" SET " + \
-            ",".join(map(self.__tuple2db_format_set, INSERT.iteritems() )) 
+            ",".join(map(self.__tuple2db_format_set, INSERT.iteritems() ))
         if created_time:
             cmd += ",created_at=%f" % created_time
         if confidential_data:
@@ -448,16 +462,16 @@
         self.cur.execute(cmd)
         rows = self.cur.fetchall()
         return rows
-    
+
     def new_row(self, table, INSERT, add_uuid=False, created_time=0, confidential_data=False):
         ''' Add one row into a table.
-        Attribute 
+        Attribute
             INSERT: dictionary with the key: value to insert
             table: table where to insert
             tenant_id: only useful for logs. If provided, logs will use this tenant_id
             add_uuid: if True, it will create an uuid key entry at INSERT if not provided
         It checks presence of uuid and add one automatically otherwise
-        Return: (result, uuid) where result can be 0 if error, or 1 if ok
+        Return: uuid
         '''
         if table in self.tables_with_created_field and created_time==0:
             created_time=time.time()
@@ -467,9 +481,9 @@
                 with self.con:
                     self.cur = self.con.cursor()
                     return self._new_row_internal(table, INSERT, add_uuid, None, created_time, confidential_data)
-                    
+
             except (mdb.Error, AttributeError) as e:
-                self._format_error(e, tries)
+                self._format_error(e, tries, table=table)
             tries -= 1
 
     def update_rows(self, table, UPDATE, WHERE, modified_time=0):
@@ -493,10 +507,10 @@
             try:
                 with self.con:
                     self.cur = self.con.cursor()
-                    return self._update_rows(table, UPDATE, WHERE)
-                    
+                    return self._update_rows(
+                        table, UPDATE, WHERE, modified_time)
             except (mdb.Error, AttributeError) as e:
-                self._format_error(e, tries)
+                self._format_error(e, tries, table=table)
             tries -= 1
 
     def _delete_row_by_id_internal(self, table, uuid):
@@ -519,7 +533,8 @@
                     self.cur = self.con.cursor()
                     return self._delete_row_by_id_internal(table, uuid)
             except (mdb.Error, AttributeError) as e:
-                self._format_error(e, tries, "delete", "dependencies")
+                self._format_error(
+                    e, tries, "delete", "dependencies", table=table)
             tries -= 1
 
     def delete_row(self, **sql_dict):
@@ -567,9 +582,9 @@
                     rows = self.cur.fetchall()
                     return rows
             except (mdb.Error, AttributeError) as e:
-                self._format_error(e, tries)
+                self._format_error(e, tries, table=table)
             tries -= 1
-    
+
     def get_rows(self, **sql_dict):
         """ Obtain rows from a table.
         :param SELECT: list or tuple of fields to retrieve) (by default all)
@@ -581,7 +596,7 @@
                 keys can be suffixed by >,<,<>,>=,<= so that this is used to compare key and value instead of "="
                 The special keys "OR", "AND" with a dict value is used to create a nested WHERE
             If a list, each item will be a dictionary that will be concatenated with OR
-        :param LIMIT: limit the number of obtianied entries (Optional)
+        :param LIMIT: limit the number of obtained entries (Optional)
         :param ORDER_BY:  list or tuple of fields to order, add ' DESC' to each item if inverse order is required
         :return: a list with dictionaries at each row, raises exception upon error
         """
@@ -628,10 +643,10 @@
         Attribute:
             table: string of table name
             uuid_name: name or uuid. If not uuid format is found, it is considered a name
-            allow_severeral: if False return ERROR if more than one row are founded 
-            error_item_text: in case of error it identifies the 'item' name for a proper output text 
+            allow_severeral: if False return ERROR if more than one row are founded
+            error_item_text: in case of error it identifies the 'item' name for a proper output text
             'WHERE_OR': dict of key:values, translated to key=value OR ... (Optional)
-            'WHERE_AND_OR: str 'AND' or 'OR'(by default) mark the priority to 'WHERE AND (WHERE_OR)' or (WHERE) OR WHERE_OR' (Optional  
+            'WHERE_AND_OR: str 'AND' or 'OR'(by default) mark the priority to 'WHERE AND (WHERE_OR)' or (WHERE) OR WHERE_OR' (Optional
         Return: if allow_several==False, a dictionary with this row, or error if no item is found or more than one is found
                 if allow_several==True, a list of dictionaries with the row or rows, error if no item is found
         '''
@@ -656,16 +671,16 @@
                     self.cur.execute(cmd)
                     number = self.cur.rowcount
                     if number == 0:
-                        raise db_base_Exception("No {} found with {} '{}'".format(error_item_text, what, uuid_name), http_code=HTTP_Not_Found)
+                        raise db_base_Exception("No {} found with {} '{}'".format(error_item_text, what, uuid_name), http_code=httperrors.Not_Found)
                     elif number > 1 and not allow_serveral:
-                        raise db_base_Exception("More than one {} found with {} '{}'".format(error_item_text, what, uuid_name), http_code=HTTP_Conflict)
+                        raise db_base_Exception("More than one {} found with {} '{}'".format(error_item_text, what, uuid_name), http_code=httperrors.Conflict)
                     if allow_serveral:
                         rows = self.cur.fetchall()
                     else:
                         rows = self.cur.fetchone()
                     return rows
             except (mdb.Error, AttributeError) as e:
-                self._format_error(e, tries)
+                self._format_error(e, tries, table=table)
             tries -= 1
 
     def get_uuid(self, uuid):
@@ -684,7 +699,7 @@
 
     def get_uuid_from_name(self, table, name):
         '''Searchs in table the name and returns the uuid
-        ''' 
+        '''
         tries = 2
         while tries:
             try:
@@ -699,6 +714,6 @@
                         return self.cur.rowcount, "More than one VNF with name %s found in table %s" %(name, table)
                     return self.cur.rowcount, rows[0]["uuid"]
             except (mdb.Error, AttributeError) as e:
-                self._format_error(e, tries)
+                self._format_error(e, tries, table=table)
             tries -= 1